anxiety
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Patients between 18 to 65 years old, who were estimated to wait for over 15 minutes in the surgical preparation room prior to undergoing partial hepatectomy due to liver cancer, were included in this study.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: a pre-existing known hearing impairment, the use of a hearing aid, any objection to listening to unacquainted music. Additionally, to accurately assess the systemic inflammatory response, patients taking systemic steroids, immunosuppressants, cytotoxic medications, or chemotherapeutics were excluded from the study as well.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI);Serum concentration of TNF-a;Serum IL-6;Serum IL-10; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
The Third Affiliated Hospital of Navy Medical University