None
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: (1) Participants are between the ages of 18 and 30; (2) are in good physical health; (3) have received baseball and softball-specific training; and (4) are free of all illnesses or athletic injuries;
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: (1) participants with autonomic or cardiovascular disorders; (2) having taken medications or ingested foods that may affect autonomic function within the past three days; (3) overeating, dieting, or strenuous exercise within the 48 hours prior to the test; (4) abnormal mental behaviors and sleep conditions; (5) injuries prior to the experiment; and (6) fatigue, such as muscle aches and pains.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Baseball and Softball Throwing Distances;T-Seat hits long distance;Ping Fly Ball Distance;Abdominal endurance;Back muscular endurance; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Tianjin University of Sport