Patent foramen ovale
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1.Suspected patient with patent foramen ovale; 2.Hospitalization or outpatient reception of cardiac contrast echocardiography, and retention of images and data materials; 3.Clear clinical diagnosis of patent foramen ovale.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.Age<18 years old; 2.Contraindications for cardiac contrast echocardiography examination; 3.Malignant tumors of the heart, chest or lungs; 4.In addition to patent foramen ovale, there are other congenital anatomical abnormalities in the heart; 5.History of previous heart or lung surgery; 6.Incomplete examination information, loss to follow-up, or other factors that the researcher deems unsuitable for inclusion.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Diaphragmatic displacement;Velocity of diaphragm movement during Valsalva maneuver; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Hebei General Hospital