None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1.aged at least 18 years; 2.scheduled to undergo lower abdominal, pelvic and lower extremity surgery under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia; 3.American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-III;
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.with contraindications to neuraxial anesthesia, including coagulation abnormalities, puncture site infection, allergies to local anesthetics used, and unexplained neurological symptoms; 2.significant spinal deformity, trauma, and previous spinal surgery; 3.cognitive impairment, unable to cooperate; 4.fail to obtain informed consent;
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| First pass success rate; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Number of passes;Number of attempts;Time for identifying landmarks;First-attempt success rate;Needling time;Overall success rate;Periprocedural pain score;Operator satisfaction;procedurerelated complications; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
The First Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University