Pain
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Healthy population: Healthy subjects were selected from the medical examination personnel of Tongji University Affiliated Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, aged 18 and above, who agreed to participate in this study and signed an informed consent form 2. Pain patients: (1) 18 years old and above; (2) Diagnosed with various types of pain; (3) Pre treatment digital rating scale (NRS)>3 points; (4) No serious complications; (5) The included participants did not use any type of anticoagulant, opioid, or steroid drugs; (6) Agree to participate in this study and sign the informed consent form 3.Elective surgery: (1) Regardless of gender or ethnicity, undergo elective surgery under general anesthesia; (2) Clear consciousness; (3) Agree to participate in this study and sign the informed consent form
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria for pain patients: (1) involving multiple types of pain; (2) Suffering from severe cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, or abnormal liver and kidney function; (3) Severe pain caused by other diseases; (4) Alcoholics and drug addicts; (5) Individuals with mental disorders who are unable to obtain informed consent Exclusion criteria for patients undergoing elective surgery: (1) History of schizophrenia, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, or depression; (2) Unable to complete preoperative evaluation due to severe dementia, language disorders, coma, end-stage disease, etc; (3) Myocardial infarction occurred within 3 months before surgery; (4) Postoperative infection patients; (5) Severe heart, liver, and kidney dysfunction, history of tumor disease; (6) During the observation period, other painful diseases occurred; (7) The attending physician or researcher believes that there are other circumstances that are not suitable for participation in this study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Numeric Rating Scale;All protein levels in plasma protein;Partial protein level of plasma protein; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| All metabolite levels in plasma; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital (Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University)