painless childbirth
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Age 22-34 years old, gestational age 37-41 weeks, single pregnancy, normal maternal and fetal indicators, and informed consent from both maternal and family members;
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Patients with primary uterine atony, misaligned fetal position, history of severe cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, allergies to local anesthetics and opioids, contraindications to spinal anesthesia, conversion to cesarean section, or prolonged delivery time (>10 hours).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| pain score; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| stages of labor;analgesic consumption; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Yunnan First People's Hospital