chronic postoperative pain
Conditions
Interventions
sham group:The electrodes of the instrument are placed in the corresponding position, but no stimulation is given.
tDCS group:The transcranial direct current stimulation is performed. The left dorsolateral prefrontal lobe is stimulated by the anode, and the right supraorbital is stimulated by the cathode. The stim
taVNS group:The transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation is performed. The cymba conchae of the patients left ear is stimulated with a pulse width of 200 um, a frequency of 25 Hz, and a stimul
SJS group:The transcranial direct current stimulation and transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation are performed at the same time. The electrodes of the instrument are placed in the correspond
Sponsors
Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 75 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Age 18 to 75 years; initial diagnosis allows for direct video-assisted thoracoscopic lung surgery; American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification I to III; Anesthesia by combined intravenous-inhalation anesthesia
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Refusal to sign the trial consent form; Already participating in another interventional study; Neuropsychiatric disorders or a previous history of neurological or psychiatric disorders; Cranial or scalp injuries; Visual and hearing impairments as well as difficulty in communicating; Refusal to use an analgesic pump; Damage or inflammation of the skin of the ear cavities, such as in case of ear disorders (e.g., tympanic membrane perforation, etc.); Metallic implantation in the body or fitting of cochlear implants; Abnormal preoperative electrocardiograms; Substance or alcohol abuse; allergy to relevant medications in the trial protocol
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Incidence of chronic pain postoperatively; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Postoperative pain level score;Postoperative analgesic drug use;Adverse event;Postoperative complication;Postoperative cough score;Postoperative nausea and vomiting score;Postoperative anxiety and depression scores;Brain fMRI; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactJun-Li Cao
Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
Outcome results
None listed