gallbladder and biliary diseases
Conditions
Interventions
Nalbuphine group:intravenous nalbuphine before anesthesia induction
Tramadol group:intravenous tramadol before anesthesia induction
Butorphanol tartrate group:intravenous Butorphanol tartrate before anesthesia induction
Flurbiprofen group:intravenous Flurbiprofen before anesthesia induction
Sufentanil group:intravenous Sufentanil before anesthesia induction
Sponsors
Huishan District People's Hospital of Wuxi
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: All the patients included in this review underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 1.male and female patients between 18 and 65 years of age; 2.American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score of I or II ; 3.body mass index (BMI) of 18–30 kg/m2;
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.unplanned emergency surgery; 2.severe cardiac insufficiency(EF < 30%) or serious lung diseases( type I or II respiratory failure); 3.mental illness or diminished cognitive function, or taking long-term antipsychoticor related drugs, or drug users; 4.allergies or contraindications to any of the study drugs; 5.Patients who had contraindications to nerve block, and can-not tolerate a phrenic nerve block. 6. long-standing pain or neuropathic pain; 7.gallstones with gallbladder perforation, diffuse peritonitis or acute pyogenic cholangitis; 8.illiterate, or understand the study scoring.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain conditions, including incision pain, visceral pain, opioid-induced hyperalgesia, and referred pain (shoulder pain).; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| General characteristics of the patients,Demographic and clinical characteristics;the perioperative conditions;Postoperative Situation and the wake-up period conditions;adverse reactions; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactLiu Man
Huishan District People's Hospital of Wuxi
Outcome results
None listed