Comparison of spontaneous pushing and directed pushing during labour

A single-centre feasibility study, measuring the outcomes of spontaneous pushing and directed pushing on maternal and neonatal outcomes among women without epidural analgesia during the second stage of labour

Status

Active, not recruiting

Phases

Early Phase 1

Study type

Interventional

Source

ChiCTR

Registry ID

ChiCTR2300071178

Enrollment

Unknown

Registered

2023-05-06

Start date

2023-05-20

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2023-06-04

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Labour and birth

Interventions

Spontaneous pushing group:Spontaneous pushing during the second stage of labour

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

Female

Age

18 Years to No maximum

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: 1. aged above 18; 2. gestation week of 37+ at birth; 3. singleton pregnancy, healthy fetus; 4. fetus in cephalic presentation; 5. no complications during labour

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: 1. administered epidural analgesia; 2. any medical or obstetric complication affecting 2nd stage management; 3. unable to comply with guidance; 4. undergo Caesarean section during labour

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Feasibility outcomes: recruitment rates, retention rates, attendance of participants;Acceptability outcomes: women’s and midwives’ perspectives and acceptability of the intervention;	—

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
Efficacy outcomes: duration of second stage of labour, mode of birth, perineal laceration, episiotomy rates, Apgar score, admission to neonatal intensive care unit and neonatal resuscitation;	—

Countries

China

Contacts

Public ContactKathleen M. Baird

University of Technology Sydney

Kathleen.Baird@uts.edu.au+61 95144451

Outcome results

None listed

Source: ChiCTR (via WHO ICTRP) · Data processed: Feb 7, 2026