Parkinson's disease
Conditions
Interventions
Non olfactory Parkinson's disease group:None
Parkinson's disease group with olfactory impairment:None
Normal control group:None
Sponsors
Xuzhou Central Hospital
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Inclusion criteria for Parkinson's disease: Refer to the new clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease launched by the International Society for Movement Disorders (MDS) in 2015, and take into account the Chinese diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease (Version 2016). First of all, it must be confirmed Parkinson's disease syndrome: based on three core motor symptoms, namely, one of the two symptoms of essential motor retardation and at least static tremor or myotonia, the above symptoms must be obvious and unrelated to other interference factors. All core motor symptoms must be examined according to the method described in the unified Parkinson's disease assessment scale (UPDRS). Diagnosing Parkinson's disease: it requires: (1) It does not meet the absolute exclusion criteria; (2) If there are warning signs, they need to be offset by supporting standards: if there is one warning sign, at least one supporting standard must be offset; If there are 2 warning signs, at least 2 supporting standards must be offset; If there are more than 2 warning signs, the diagnosis cannot be established. 2. Inclusion criteria for patients with simple olfactory impairment: Patients with olfactory impairment in the outpatient department of otorhinolaryngology, the outpatient department of neurology and the community. The total TDI score is the sum of the scores of the three tests of olfactory odor threshold (T), odor discrimination threshold (D) and odor recognition threshold (I) measured by Sniffin Sticks, so as to evaluate the olfactory function. The normal range is TDI value>30.30 in the youth group, >27.30 in the middle-aged group, >19.60 in the elderly group, and<15.00 in the elderly group, indicating loss of olfactory function. If the TDI value is between normal and loss of olfactory function, indicating loss of olfactory function, the age is between 45 and 80 years old.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Exclusion criteria for Parkinson's disease: (1) There is definite cerebellar ataxia, or cerebellar eye movement abnormalities (persistent staring induced nystagmus, giant square beat, hyperrhythmic saccwe). (2) There is a downward vertical supranuclear gaze paralysis, or a downward vertical saccade selective slowdown. (3) Within 5 years of onset, the patient was diagnosed with highly suspected behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia or primary progressive aphasia. (4) Parkinson-like symptoms confined to the lower extremities 3 years after onset. (5) The dose and duration of dopamine blockers or dopamine depletion agents in the treatment of induced parkinsonism were consistent with drug-induced parkinsonism. (6) Patients lacked a significant therapeutic response to higher doses of levodopa (no less than 600 mg/d) despite moderate severity (i.e., score greater than 2 for myotonia or bradykinesia, according to MDS-UPDRS). (7) There is a definite cortical complex sensory loss (e.g., skin writing and entity discrimination impairment in the presence of major sensory organs intact), and there is a definite motor apraxia of limb concepts or progressive aphasia. (8) Molecular neuroimaging showed normal function of presynaptic dopaminergic system. (9) There is a definite cause of Parkinson's syndrome or other disease suspected to be related to the patient's symptoms, or based on a thorough diagnostic assessment, a medical professional may determine that it is a syndrome other than Parkinson's disease. 2. Exclusion criteria for patients with olfactory disorders: (1) Peripheral conductive olfactory disorders, such as inflammation of nasal cavity and sinuses, trauma, neoorganisms, etc., can be investigated by means of nasal scopy, CT, magnetic resonance and other relevant imaging examinations. (2) Central nervous system related olfactory disorders, such as intracranial tumors, craniocerebral trauma and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (Parkinson's disease patients with motor symptoms and other non-motor symptoms are not obvious).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| mean diffusivity MD;fractional anisotropy;axial diffusivity;radial diffusivity;mean kurtosis;axial kurtosis,;adial kurtosis;kurtosis fractional anisotropy; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactSun Huiqin
Xuzhou Central Hospital
Outcome results
None listed