none
Conditions
Interventions
Group 1:Formula with added milk fat membrane protein and oligosaccharides is available
Group 2:Provide goat milk based formula
Group 3:Milk based formula is available
Group 4:Breastfeeding
Sponsors
Capital Institute of Pediatrics
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
No minimum to 0.5 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Healthy full-term infants (gestational age >=37 weeks, birth weight >=2500g); 2. Apgar score >=9; 3. Breast feeders should start breastfeeding early, plan to exclusively breastfeed or artificial feeding for 6 months, and begin to add complementary food after 6 months; 4. Subjects who were completely unable to breastfeed were randomly assigned to the milk powder feeding group; 5. No congenital or infectious diseases after screening; 6. The mother had no serious illness during pregnancy.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Breast feeding accounted for the majority in the milk powder feeding group; 2. A parent with a serious chronic medical condition: HIV infection, cancer, bone marrow or organ transplant, transfusion of blood preparations within the last 3 months, hemorrhagic disease, known congenital malformation or genetic defect; 3. Parents or guardians cannot read or understand Chinese properly; 4. During the study, the family may relocate and cannot complete the follow-up.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Gut microbiota diversity;Cognitive development;Weight-for-age;Length for age;Two-week prevalence rate;Feeding patterns; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Head circumference;Volume of breastmilk intake;Quantity of formula intake;Stool property;Defecation frequency;Stool short chain fatty acid content;Stool pH; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactDai Yaohua
Capital Institute of Pediatrics
Outcome results
None listed