None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Children undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery (aged 3-5 years); 2. General anesthesia and mechanical ventilation; 3. ASA Classification: I-II.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. The family members are unwilling to participate or quit midway; 2. There are contraindications of rehydration test (combined with acute coronary syndrome, cardiogenic shock, severe pulmonary edema); 3. The presence of abdominal hypertension; 4. Children with congenital heart disease; 5. Intracranial hemorrhage or intracranial lesions; 6. Coagulopathy or hemorrhagic disease; 7. Other severe organ dysfunction: severe cardiac insufficiency (heart function > grade 2, significant valvular regurgitation, EF 50% of normal).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| time integral change of left ventricular outflow tract velocity;the stroke volum; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| left ventricular function measured by transthoracic cardiac ultrasound; | — |
Countries
China