Pain
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. General anesthesia for abdominal surgery, age 18 to 60 years old, no gender restrictions; 2. ASA classification: I to II, patients who have not used analgesics, muscle relaxants or sedatives within 24 hours before surgery, and are expected to need more than 24 hours of postoperative pain relief.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. History of chronic pain; 2. Long-term use of analgesics or psychotropic drugs (such as opioid analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sedatives, anti-inflammatory drugs); history of alcohol abuse; pregnancy or lactation; patients with verbal communication disorders.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| visual analogue scale; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Henan Cancer Hospital