cystoscopy
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: (1) 18 to 70 years old; (2) male gender; and (3) rigid cystoscopy for the first time.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: (1) presence of any contraindication for cystoscopy (such as lidocaine allergy, urinary tract infection, urethra-related anatomical disorders); (2) any analgesic used for 24 h before cystoscopy; and/or (3) manipulations such as double J stent placement or removal, and/or bladder biopsy.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Pain intensity; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine