Orthodontic pain
Conditions
Interventions
Case series:Orthodontic force
Sponsors
Shandong University stomatological hospital
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: (1) simple tooth crowding; (2) the orthodontic design was designed to remove four first premolars; (3) adolescents, aged 11-14 years; (4) all dental caries and other dental pulp diseases; (5) no periodontitis and systemic disease.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: (1) complete caries and other dental pulp diseases; (2) periodontal diseases and systemic diseases.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| s-100; | — |
Countries
China
Contacts
Public ContactWei Fulan
Shandong University stomatological hospital
Outcome results
None listed