postoperative shivering
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: 18~65yr, ASA I-II, elective abdominal surgery of about 2~4h.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria: BMI>30kg/m2, fever (temperature>37.8 degree C), pre- or peri-operative treatment with vasoactive, psychiatric or analgesic drugs, alcohol or drug dependence, heart failure,liver or kidney dysfunction, muscle diseases, symptoms or signs of Parkinson's disease and other neurological or psychiatric disorders, hypersensitivity to tramadol and pregnancy.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| shivering occurrence rate; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| vital sign(BP, HR, T, SPO2), PONV and other adverse effect, sedation, pain and satisfactory score.; | — |
Countries
China