type 1 diabetes mellitus
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: (1) 16~60 years of age; (2) T1DM for at least 1 year; (3) Free of major micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes; (4) Wear insulin pump more than half a year; (5) Subjects participating in exercise studies will undergo cardiac stress testing prior to be involved in any exercise sections of the protocol.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: (1) Unwilling to perform repeated glucose checks or take insulin as instructed; (2) Unstable blood glucose, large fluctuations in blood glucose throughout the day; (3) Ketone symptoms poisoning, infection, and other stress state; (4) Immune system disease; (5) Severe liver or kidney disease; (6) Severe heart failure or hear failure symptoms; (7) Hematophobia blood; (8) Poor blood clotting.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| average BG and deviations from normoglycemia; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| inter-quartile range (IQR);Control Variability Grid Analysis (CVGA); | — |