Low rectal cancer
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1) Low rectal cancer located 3 cm from anal verge or 2 cm from anorectal ring; 2) Local tumor spread restricted to the rectal wall or the internal anal sphincter; 3) Well or moderate histologic differentiation; 4) Adequate preoperative sphincter function and continence (Wexner incontinence score <=10).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1) Tumor invading the levator ani or external sphincter; 2) Tumor direct invasion into adjacent organs (clinical T4); 3) T3-4 or N+ cancers did not respond to neoadjuvant treatment, and the circumferential resection margin was suspected positive; 4) Poor or undifferentiated tumors; 5) The presence of preoperative fecal incontinence(Wexner incontinence score >10); 6) Multiple metastases in distant organs.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Operative outcomes;Oncological outcomes;Functional outcomes; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Morphologic outcomes; | — |