Esophageal cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Aged 18 to 70 years old male, ASA I-II; 2. elective thoracic surgerypatients of high nicotine dependence on nicotine can understand the operation of 3. PCA pump and mark NRS score; 4. Smokers: Smoking history>1 yearpreoperative smoking cessation 6.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: BMI > 30; the liver and kidney function is not complete; mental disease; the HR < 45 or II, III atrioventricular block; preoperative use of clonidine or other alpha 2 adrenergic agonists; Allergic to sufentanil and dexmedetomidine; History of chronic pain and long-term use of analgesic drugs; attended other drug clinical trials in the last three months.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Opioid drug dosage;NRS score; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| adverse reaction; | — |
Countries
China