multimodal pre-emptive analgesia
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: The inclusion criteria were physical status American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I- II, aged between 30 and 55 years (mean age of 46.54±8.72), weighted between 50 and 75 kilogram (mean weight of 62.52±12.49 kg) undergoing transabdominal hysterectomy, and the operation time was between 55 and 80 min (mean time of 67.39±12.74 min).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria were contraindication for epidural puncture, known allergy to local anesthetics, the patients with previous history of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease or other medical history, the patients consumed opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) preoperatively, and patients with physiological and psychological disorders.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| VAS; | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Stress response;inflammatory cytokines; | — |
Countries
China