atrial fibrillation
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Patients aged between 18-75 years old; 2. Sympotomatic proximal atrial fibrillation; 3. Ineffective for at least one antiarrhythmic drug; 4. The participant do sign informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. atrial fibrillation that could be corrected; 2. atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery; 3. Previous history of left atrium ablation; 4. Confirmed atrial thrombus, tumor, or other disease that might interfere with catheter placement; 5. Allergy to antiarrhythmic drugs, anticoagulants, adenosine, or meglumine amines; 6. serious pulmonary disease; 7. Cardiac surgery, myocardial infarction, and coronary stenting were performed within 3 months; 8. Life expectancy is not more than 2 years; 9. Expected to have a heart transplant within 12 months; 10. Refused endosonography postoperatively; 11. Reflux esophagitis and other esophageal diseases; 12. long-term use of corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| esophageal thermal injury incidence; | — |
Contacts
Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University