None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention1: Acupressure and Cold application: Acupressure (LI.4): Apply acupressure to the LI.4Acupoint 5 minutes before intramuscular vaccination once for 30 seconds.
Cold application: Application
Sponsors
nil
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Infants who receive intramuscular injections and parents who are willing and give consent to participate in the study 2. Infants who are medically stable. 3. Infants who receive intramuscular injections at the injection site of the first needle prick.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Infants who o receive any other injection as subcutaneous, intravenous, or intradermal injections. not cooperative. o use of topical anesthetics at the injection site, use of sedatives, analgesics, or opioids in the preceding 24 hours.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Behavioral responses to pain. Physiological parameters (oxygen saturation and heart rate). Timepoint: during, immediately one minute and 5 minutes after intramuscular injection | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Infant distress Timepoint: distress will be assessed during intramuscular injection and immediately one minute and 5 minutes after the intramuscular injection. | — |
Countries
India
Contacts
Public ContactMrs Shanthi S
Laxmi Memorial College of Nursing
Outcome results
None listed