None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Intervention1: Entonox: patient controlled
Control Intervention1: Fentanyl: 100 mcg IV
Sponsors
Self
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Any person who presents acute pain or / and planed for painful procedure in the emergency room between the age group of 15 years and above
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Chest Injuries (i.e. suspected pneumo or haemothorax unless a chest drain is in situ) 2. Gross abdominal distension or suspected bowel obstruction 3. Head Injuries (severe with impaired consciousness) 4. Maxillofacial injuries 5. Intoxication with alcohol or drugs (those patients unable to comply with instruction) 6. Air embolism 7. Decompression sickness. 8. Anyone who has been diving in the previous 24hours 9. Unconscious patients 10. Psychiatric patients those are violently disturbed
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| This study showed that for study group (Entonox) the overall mean for pre-treatment Visual analogue scale (VAS) score were 6.5 and the overall mean for post-treatment VAS score was 2; for control group (fentanyl) overall mean for pre-treatment VAS score was 7.0 and the overall mean for post-treatment VAS score was 1.0. Timepoint: The mean time taken to initiate the therapy was 45 seconds in study group where as control group took 4.8 minutes. No patients had hemodynamic instability or respiratory arrest with entonox where as 17.5% of patients had hemodynamic instability and 7.5% of the patients had respiratory arrest and requiring definitive airway placement and temporary ventilatory support for 30 -45 minutes in fentanyl group. Post procedure observation period in emergency room was 20 minutes in entonox group where as it was 2 hours for fentanyl group. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| nilTimepoint: nil | — |
Countries
India
Contacts
Public ContactDr.Athura Das. M
Outcome results
None listed