None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
A previous published study [1] showed a shorter running biomechanics stabilisation time with unfamiliar shoes compared to familiar ones. This research proposes to compare a novel energy (ENER) shoe to a standard (SFT) and an advanced footwear technology (AFT). To do so, participants will do a 15 min treadmill run with one of the shoes and be tested for running biomechanics every minute to determine stabilisation time. According to previous results, we hypothesise that time to stabilise running biomechanics will be shorter in less familiar (i.e., AFT and ENER) shoes compared to more familiar (i.e., SFT) shoes. 1. Huang M, Mo S, Pak-Kwan Chan P, et al. The influence of running shoes on familiarization time for treadmill running biomechanics evaluation. Sports Biomech. 2023;22:459–72. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2022.2046144
Interventions
Intervention shoe 1: Advanced footwear technology (AFT) running shoe
Salomon S/Lab phantasm 3 (Mass: 176 g; Heel stack: 39 mm; Forefoot stack: 33 mm; Drop: 6 mm; Shore Asker C: 38; Foam: polyether block amide). It integrates all required characteristics that define an AFT (i.e., curved longitudinal architecture [mostly through a carbon plate], embedded within a highly resilient, compliant, and lightweight midsole foam). It will be used in exposure B by 1/3 of the participants.
Intervention shoe
Intervention shoe 1: Advanced footwear technology (AFT) running shoe Salomon S/Lab phantasm 3 (Mass: 176 g; Heel stack: 39 mm; Forefoot stack: 33 mm; Drop: 6 mm; Shore Asker C: 38; Foam: polyether block amide). It integrates all required characteristics that define an AFT (i.e., curved longitudinal architecture [mostly through a carbon plate], embedded within a highly resilient, compliant, and lightweight midsole foam). It will be used in exposure B by 1/3 of the participants. Intervention shoe 2: Novel advanced footwear technology (ENER) running shoe Salomon prototype (Mass: 290 g; Heel stack: 50 mm; Forefoot stack: 42 mm; Drop: 8 mm; Shore Asker C: 38; Foam: thermoplastic polyurethane). It focuses on foam usage optimisation and shoe geometry, without the use of a rigid longitudinal element. It will be used in exposure B by 1/3 of the participants. Comparator shoe 1: Standard footwear technology (SFT) Salomon Aero Glide 4 (Mass: 245 g; Heel stack: 38 mm; Forefoot stack: 30 mm; Drop: 8 mm; Shore Asker C: 38; Foam: thermoplastic polyurethane). It will be used in exposure B by 1/3 of the participants. Exposure A: During a separate preliminary session, participants will complete an incremental treadmill run aiming to determine their maximal aerobic speed. Wearing their own shoes, starting speed will be set depending on participants' 10 km race time. Speed will be increased by 0.5 km/h every minute until voluntary exhaustion. Participants will be randomly attributed to one of the three groups (AFT or ENER or SFT) by the lead investigator (PhD student in sport biomechanics), and will receive the shoe in person. Exposure B: With a between-session gap of at least 72 h, participants will run on a treadmill two sets of 4 x 6 min bouts at one of the University of Waikato laboratories. For each set, they will complete two bouts with the control shoe, and two bouts with the shoe they are allocated to (AFT or ENER or SFT). Between the two sets, participants will run 15 min with their allocated shoe. All treadmill runs will be performed at 70% of participants' maximal aerobic speed. Session will be administered and supervised by the lead investigator.
Sponsors
Clément Coulon - The University of Waikato
Study design
Allocation
Randomised controlled trial
Intervention model
Parallel
Primary purpose
Treatment
Masking
Open (masking not used)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
- Be in good general health. - To have been able to run at least 10 km without any lower extremity or lower back problems during the last 6 months (the term ‘problems’ refers to any pain, ache, stiffness, clicking/catching, swelling, instability/giving way, locking or other complaints related to the lower extremities or lower back, other than fatigue-related issues such as cramps or muscle soreness). - Running at least 3h a week on average for the last 6 months. - Over the past year, having a personal best result lower than 4h20 on marathon distance, or 2h05 on half-marathon distance, or 1h on 10k. - Fit the available shoe sizes (7.5 to 13.5 US for female and 6.5 to 12.5 US for male). - Be able to track their running training precisely (e.g. GPS watch, smartphone app).
Exclusion criteria
- Be currently injured or have been injured in the last 6 months according to the following consensus definition: Running related (training or competition) musculoskeletal pain in the lower limbs or lower back that causes a restriction on or stoppage of running (distance, speed, duration, or training) for at least 7 days or 3 consecutive scheduled training sessions, or that requires the runner to consult a physician or other health professional. - Having previous experience with AFT shoes exceeding 20 km. - Be currently pregnant.
Outcome results
None listed