None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
Recent studies implicate the pathological role of branched-chain amino acids in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Here, we examine the role of branched-chain amino acids, commonly found in animal protein, in developing human insulin resistance. Using a controlled feeding protocol, we will compare the effects of three different diets (high-fat, high-fat with branched-chain amino acids supplementation and usual-mixed diet) given for 2 weeks in relation to insulin resistance. Body composition, insulin sensitivity, nutrient utilization, and skeletal muscle biopsy will be performed before and after the dietary intervention. The findings of this study will provide greater insights into the mechanistic role of animal protein in the development of insulin resistance in humans and help to design a more effective prevention and treatment strategy for diabetes mellitus.
Interventions
The high-fat diet consisted of 30% carbohydrates, 20% protein, and 50% fat, with fat comprising 1:1:1 monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and saturated fat.
For the high-fat diet plus branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), we added 0.1/kg/day of branched-chain amino acids to the participant’s high-fat diet. We used Dymatize’s BCAA Complex 2200 capsules in the BCAA group; each capsule contains leucine 275mg, isoleucine 137.5mg and valine 137.5mg. Capsule count was performed at the end of the 14-day int
The high-fat diet consisted of 30% carbohydrates, 20% protein, and 50% fat, with fat comprising 1:1:1 monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and saturated fat. For the high-fat diet plus branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), we added 0.1/kg/day of branched-chain amino acids to the participant’s high-fat diet. We used Dymatize’s BCAA Complex 2200 capsules in the BCAA group; each capsule contains leucine 275mg, isoleucine 137.5mg and valine 137.5mg. Capsule count was performed at the end of the 14-day intervention. The participants were randomized into the diet groups, and the metabolic kitchen provided three meals per day. The participants ate breakfast at the investigational unit and brought the remaining two meals home. The meals were prepared as ready-to-go. Participants were required to take a photograph of the food taken each day and to log any additional food. To increase compliance, the menu consisted of locally available and commonly consumed foods that most subjects could identify with. The controlled feeding protocol was implemented and strictly monitored by the dietitian. The intervention period was 14 days.
Sponsors
National Medical Research Council
Study design
Allocation
Randomised controlled trial
Intervention model
Parallel
Primary purpose
Prevention
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Male
Age
21 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
21-40 years males, body mass index between 23 to 30 kg/m2 with normal glucose tolerance as confirmed by the 75-gm oral glucose tolerance test.
Exclusion criteria
known history of diabetes mellitus, known history of malignancy, were on medications that will likely affect glucose metabolism (e.g. corticosteroids) or lipid metabolism/insulin resistance (e.g. niacin, fibrates, PPAR-y agonist, metformin), current smoking, daily alcohol consumption, weight gain or loss of more than 5% over the past three months, unusual diet practice (i.e. high protein intake, vegetarians) or high level of physical activity (exercise >5hr per week). All participants were required to cease smoking and alcohol intake before procedures and throughout the study duration.
Outcome results
None listed