Investigating small blood molecules (miRNAs) as indicators of musculoskeletal pain in runners

The intervention utilizes a kinesiological approach based on the Canali Postural Method (CPM), designed to prevent, reduce, or eliminate compensatory postural patterns by addressing peripheral muscular imbalances, such as resistance or dominance, that may contribute to musculoskeletal pain. Participants follow individualized exercise plans tailored to their specific postural needs. These plans, which emphasize postural adjustments and muscular rebalancing without directly targeting painful areas, are introduced during supervised sessions and reviewed weekly to ensure proper execution and adherence. A CPM-certified operator, trained extensively in CPM techniques, delivers the intervention during one-on-one supervised sessions. The program combines face-to-face supervised sessions with self-managed sessions, allowing participants to practice independently. Exercises are adapted to individual conditions, ensuring pain-free execution or modifications to avoid exacerbating discomfort. The first session also functions as a test phase to identify the origins of compensatory postural patterns and determine appropriate exercises. The intervention consists of alternating sequences of strengthening (e.g. abdominal muscles strengthening) and stretching exercises (e.g. hamstring muscle stretching), repeated in sets. In subsequent sessions, strengthening exercises are progressively increased in duration and difficulty, adjusted according to each participant's capabilities and feedback. The 6-week intervention involves three 60-minute sessions per week, scheduled on non-consecutive days to allow sufficient recovery between sessions. Each week, participants attend one supervised session at the Posture and Movement Laboratory (MP-LAB) of the Institute of Clinical Physiology, while the remaining two sessions are self-managed and conducted in their own training environments.Exercise intensity is dynamically managed during supervised sessions by monitoring participants' ability to maintain proper form while avoiding discomfort or excessive fatigue. Adjustments are made progressively to maintain a balance between challenge and individual capacity.Adherence is monitored during the weekly supervised sessions, where exercise execution is assessed, and feedback is provided to ensure participants remain aligned with the intervention protocol.