Flossband Combined Rehabilitation Therapy in Treatment of Non-specific Chronic Lower Back Pain

Each nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) patient received one-on-one treatment, which included the following: 1. Myofascial Release (20 minutes): Targeted areas included the latissimus dorsi, spinal erectors, gluteal muscles, iliopsoas, and quadriceps. 2. Muscle Stretching Exercises (15 minutes): This included calf stretch, hamstring stretch, piriformis stretch, side lunges, hip complex stretch, side trunk stretch, cobra, and cat-cow stretch. Each stretch was held for 20 seconds and repeated for 1-3 sets. 3. Hip and Trunk Stability Exercises (20-30 minutes): Exercises included pelvic movements, hip adduction, clam, hip thrust, lateral sit-up, dead bug, bird dog, Swiss ball I Y W, calf raises, and farmer's walk, with 10-15 repetitions for 1-2 sets. Flossband Treatment Groups: • Flossband Group 1 (FG1): Received Flossband application (FA) with 30% stretch tension on the lumbar or lower limbs combined with Corrective Exercise Programs (CEP). • Flossband Group 2 (FG2): Received FA on the same body parts without stretch tension, also combined with CEP. • Control Group (CG): Conducted CEP without FA. All groups underwent two treatment sessions per week for a total of six weeks. The Flossband was applied from the medial to lateral and proximal to distal directions, with each wrapping lasting 2-3 minutes. Treatment Providers: • All treatments were administered by a certified physiotherapist with five years of relevant experience and supervised by a senior certified physiotherapist with over 20 years of experience from the rehabilitation centre of the National Sports Institute of Malaysia. • The exercise portion was guided by a licensed researcher specializing in corrective exercise from the National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) and supervised by a senior strength and conditioning coach certified by the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA), with over 20 years of related experience, to ensure correct movement execution. Additional Instructions: • Each participant was instructed to maintain a training blog throughout the six-week intervention.