None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
Mau rakau is a traditional Maori physical activity and its practitioners utilise active movements of the shoulder. Primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GHOA) is a degenerative condition affecting shoulder functionality, leaving affected individuals with two treatment choices: undergoing shoulder arthroplasty or preserving shoulder function through exercise therapy. In New Zealand, exercise therapy interventions for GHOA are provided mainly in a clinical setting on a one-on-one basis. Alternatively, when treatment is delivered in a community setting as an interactive group session, it may provide physical rehabilitation, improve social well-being and reduce treatment dropout rate. Therefore delivering a community exercise intervention based on mau rakau to individuals diagnosed with GHOA may improve their treatment compliance and improve their shoulder functionality.
Interventions
A Mau Rakau exercise programme will be developed and led by a proficient Maori Taiaha teacher from the Te Whare Tu Taua o Waitaha.
The Mau Rakau exercise programme will be designed to target the muscles performing shoulder rotations, abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, and scapular retraction. All shoulder movements of internal/external rotation, abduction/adduction, flexion/extension will be performed in the Mau Rakau exercise programme. The participants will hold a Rakau in their hands
A Mau Rakau exercise programme will be developed and led by a proficient Maori Taiaha teacher from the Te Whare Tu Taua o Waitaha. The Mau Rakau exercise programme will be designed to target the muscles performing shoulder rotations, abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, and scapular retraction. All shoulder movements of internal/external rotation, abduction/adduction, flexion/extension will be performed in the Mau Rakau exercise programme. The participants will hold a Rakau in their hands and perform a low intensity starting warmup and then perform a set of exercises with progressive intensity. The exercises will start with minimal intensity and the intensity will increase every two weeks. The exercise intensity will be subjectively assessed using the Borg's modified RPE scale. All the participants who meet the eligibility criteria will need to attend an eight-week Mau Rakau exercise programme. Every week the participants will attend three 45-minute sessions on alternative days to provide a day’s rest between sessions. Two supervised group sessions per week at the University of Canterbury Christchurch campus and one unsupervised home-based session. A group of 10 participants will be monitored by one research assistant. Each session will run for approximately 45 minutes. Each week’s day one and day five session will be supervised and conducted at the University of Canterbury Christchurch campus. The day three session will be conducted and supervised online with the participants performing the exercises at their home. During each session, the lead research assistant will record attendance of the participants to monitor adherence to the programme. During each session, participants will be provided manual guidance, verbal encouragement, and motivation by the leading research assistant. Every week participants will be provided an instructional video, and they will be required to record their exercise programme adherence in a logbook. In the logbook there will be a visual analog pain scale (VAS) on which the participants will be required to subjectively score their pain before and after each session. A standard Rakau will be given to each participant to perform the exercises and take home. The exercise intensity will be progressively increased every 2 weeks. If any participant reports excessive pain during the session, they will be immediately referred to a medical practitioner. If any participant reports any discomfort in doing the exercises, then individual adaptations and exercise regressions will be made as required. Assessment of the outcome variables will be performed at baseline and at the end of every second week for eight weeks.
Sponsors
Health Research Council of New Zealand
Study design
Allocation
Non-randomised trial
Intervention model
Single group
Primary purpose
Treatment
Masking
Open (masking not used)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
55 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1.Patients 55 years and over 2.Must have moderate to severe primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis. 3.Ability to stand and walk unsupported. 4.Ability to hold the Mau Rakau in both hands. 5.Ability to give consent to participate.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1.Previous or current upper limb fractures 2.Scheduled upper limb surgery in the next 6 months. 3.Diagnosed as another type of glenohumeral arthritis. 4.Existing cancer diagnosis and undergoing cancer treatment. 5.Inability to give consent to participate. 6.Regular participation in Mau Rakau mahi a tinana in the previous 6 months.
Outcome results
None listed