Evaluation of the Efficacy of Brief Seminar Triple P to Promote Parent and Child Self-Regulation in Indonesia

INTERVENTION NAME: Selected Triple P (Positive Parenting Programme) parenting intervention in the format of three brief seminars (each 90 minutes) over three weeks. RATIONALE: While mainly this study is about self-regulation, Triple P used as the intervention due to its reputation for using the self-regulatory approach in the intervention delivery. However, given this claim and the importance of self-regulation, the efficacy of parenting intervention (including Triple P) in promoting parent and child self-regulation remains untested. TEAM: The intervention will be delivered by one of the research teams that has been accredited in delivering this specific intervention program (i.e., Selected Triple P). She is also an Indonesian psychologist and a PhD fellow at the Parenting and Family Support Centre, University of Queensland. This study is supervised by the experts in this field, which are senior researchers at the Parenting and Family Support Centre, University of Queensland. MATERIAL: All the materials (e.g., presentation slides, tip sheet) and seminar process are standardized and provided by Triple P International as the licence holder of Triple P. An adherence checklist is provided to ensure the fidelity of the intervention delivery. A research assistant will observe and check the adherence to the seminar protocol. This study will use measures to assess demographics, parent and child self-regulation, parenting practice and child behaviour. The seminar series includes The Power of Positive Parenting, Raising Confident, Competent Children, and Raising Resilient Children (Sanders, 2012). The following are the brief description about each theme: a. The Power of Positive Parenting This session will present the challenges of being a parent, what positive parenting is, why parents and children need it, and how to apply it in daily practice. b. Raising Confident, Competent Children The second seminar will discuss some life skills that children need for future success, such as showing respect to others, being considerate, having good communication and social skills, having healthy self-esteem, developing problem-solving skills, and becoming independent. The presenter will present ideas on how parents can encourage these skills with their children. c. Raising Resilient Children The last seminar will highlight emotional resilience in children, including what it means, why it is important, and how parents can promote it at home. TIME: The seminars will be delivered once a week, with a 90-minute duration each. The study will be conducted in December 2023. LOCATION: This study will be conducted in Medan City, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The venue will be a seminar room in a government-owned office. PROCEDURE: Participant recruitment will be online. Eligible participants allocated to two groups, the intervention and the control group, with stratified random assignment to ensure an even sample composition based on gender, education, and economic status. All participants will fill out the online questionnaire as a baseline assessment. Then, the intervention group will receive three classroom seminars in person, each 90 minutes long. In each week, participants will receive a tip sheet for each of the seminar’s theme. The delivery mode is mainly by slide presentation and involves some individual reflection. Subsequently, participants will undertake three assessments online (post-intervention, after three months and after six months). Meanwhile, the control group will not receive the seminars but undertake the same follow-up assessments. They will receive the same seminars after completing all the assessments for control group compensation. The seminar for the control group will be conducted online. All the questionnaires for the control group will be distributed in an online form, too.