None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
The cost-effectiveness analysis also implicated the role of pharmacist-led diabetes education intervention and how could these interventions lower the overall cost. Government should formulate a policy for community pharmacists to provide these awareness services at all community pharmacies.
Interventions
Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 condition will be recruited. Two groups will be created one arm consists of the patient undergoing intervention for Pharmacist led diabetes education assessment and 1-year follow-up plan will be devised for the interventional arm. The interventional Diabetes Educator Pharmacist will compute the baseline parameters and document all relevant baseline details pertaining to cost, e.g Direct and Indirect cost. However, all patients will be followed up on the 3-m
Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 condition will be recruited. Two groups will be created one arm consists of the patient undergoing intervention for Pharmacist led diabetes education assessment and 1-year follow-up plan will be devised for the interventional arm. The interventional Diabetes Educator Pharmacist will compute the baseline parameters and document all relevant baseline details pertaining to cost, e.g Direct and Indirect cost. However, all patients will be followed up on the 3-month interval with a set appointment with Health Care Practionaire (HCP). On every visit there will be 30 minutes session to be performed with the participant and all parameters will be recorded again. The mode of intervention will be the face-to-face interview and individualized care and education sessions will be performed. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF)-defined protocol and Pakistan Population specified Baqi Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (BIDE) designed module and literature will be used. Diabetes education protocol will be briefed to patients upon inclusion into the study only those patients will be included who agreed to adhere and have no issue in time to time follow-up discussion. Every 3 months following protocols for the intervention group will be used. The patient will be given an appointment for Physician Checkup and the Patient will then be referred to the Pharmacist for Diabetes Education and evaluation. In every visit following parameters will be covered. 1) Pre-consultation assessment for adherence. (5 Minutes) 2) Medication consultation: It will include any particular change recommended by the physician and modification in the dosing of the current medication. The modification in the medication regimen will be done based on the blood Glucose monitoring Log kept by the participants (10 Minutes) 3) Post-consultation interventional education session. (15 Minutes) The diabetes education plan will contain the following aspects. 1- Diet and Exercise Counselling and targets. 2- Education on Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia. 3- Foot Care education. 4-Regular Blood Glucose Monitoring. Validated Questionnaires will be used in every session to evaluate the patient's adherence to the previous education session. The 14-item Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test will be used to evaluate adherence.
Sponsors
Muhammad Daoud Butt
Study design
Allocation
Randomised controlled trial
Intervention model
Parallel
Primary purpose
Educational / counselling / training
Masking
Open (masking not used)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
20 Years to 75 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Individuals aging 20 years and above, with a confirmed diagnosis of T2DM and ability to read and write Urdu (the official language of Pakistan) were incorporated in the study.
Exclusion criteria
Pregnant women, patients with type I diabetes mellitus, having severe diabetic complications, psychiatric disorder and immigrants from other countries
Outcome results
None listed