None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
It is well known that what we eat affects our health. It is now also well recognised that some products contain additional ‘bioactive’ properties, such as high protein content, that can provide health benefit above a food’s nutritional value. Firstly, it has been suggested that such ‘functional’ foods could increase the amount of energy (calories) burned in the hours after eating. Secondly, these products may be able to promote a preferential breakdown of fat after the ingestion of meals. Thirdly, foods and beverages of a bioactive nutrient composition may help to regulate blood sugar response. Finally, it is documented that the consumption of certain products could maximise feelings of fullness for longer. It is hypothesised that food and beverage products containing a greater content of polyphenols, complex carbohydrates and/or protein may enhance energy expenditure, blood sugar and appetite after eating. This study will be composed of four individual trials in which different food or beverage products will be tested for their efficacy in enhancing these markers of metabolic health. Moreover, research has recently suggested that energy expenditure after eating may be decreased among individuals with prediabetes, however these linkages with abnormal blood sugar control remain largely unexplored. It is also not understood whether energy expenditure after eating can be increased among prediabetic individuals through nutritional intervention. Finally, this study will investigate any differences in energy expenditure after eating between Caucasian European and Asian Chinese individuals.
Interventions
This is a single-centre repeated measure, randomised, cross-over design trial which will be conducted at the Human Nutrition Unit (HNU), University of Auckland. We will test the acute short term cardiometabolic effects following the consumption of four NZ origin food or beverage products, that may have beneficial cardiometabolic effects:
(i) a yoghurt
(ii) a fruit powder
(iii) a fruit drink
(iv) and kiwifruit
in four individual trials and compared to a matched comparator.
All four of these test
This is a single-centre repeated measure, randomised, cross-over design trial which will be conducted at the Human Nutrition Unit (HNU), University of Auckland. We will test the acute short term cardiometabolic effects following the consumption of four NZ origin food or beverage products, that may have beneficial cardiometabolic effects: (i) a yoghurt (ii) a fruit powder (iii) a fruit drink (iv) and kiwifruit in four individual trials and compared to a matched comparator. All four of these test products are commercially available branded "off-the-shelf" products which are readily available to the general public. However, to avoid bias that may occur due to un-blinding at this stage which could impact study outcomes, the investigators request that the specific product information is not made publicly available at this time. The effects will be assessed in Asian Chinese and Caucasian participants identified with and without prediabetes. In each trial, participants will be randomised to receive either the test product or the matched placebo (which will be consumed under clinical monitoring) on two separate study visits, with a washout period of at least 2 days in between visits. Each study visit will last approximately 4-5 hours. For some trials, the products will be incorporated as part of a standardised breakfast meal the morning of the study visit.
Sponsors
The University of Auckland
Study design
Allocation
Randomised controlled trial
Intervention model
Crossover
Primary purpose
Prevention
Masking
Blinded (masking used) (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
• Male and female • Asian Chinese or European Caucasian ethnicity • 18-60 years old • BMI between 24 and 40 kg/m2 • Fasting plasma glucose <6.9 mmol/L (in healthy or prediabetic range, in accordance with the American Diabetes Association classification of diabetes; ADA, 2014) • Otherwise healthy, as according to self-report
Exclusion criteria
• Type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus • Medications controlling glycaemia • Current or history of significant disease including cardiovascular disease; pancreatic disease, or other digestive diseases including inflammatory bowel syndrome/disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease; cancer • Recent body weight loss/gain >10% within previous 3 months or taking part in an active diet program; or current medications for weight loss • Previous bariatric surgery • Current illness (including gastrointestinal or eating disorders) • Taking any medication which might impact metabolic rate during the last 3 months • Dietary, vitamin or mineral supplement consumption within last 7 days • Smoker, current or in previous 6 months • Recreational drug user, current or in previous 6 months • Dislike or unwilling to consume food items included in the study, or hypersensitivities or allergies to these foods • Unwilling/unable to comply with study protocol • Participation in other clinical study, current or in previous 6 months • Pregnant or breastfeeding women, current or in previous 6 months • Considered unsuitable to participate by the PI • Blood donation within previous 3 months.
Outcome results
None listed