None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
Violence towards children in the form of corporal punishment is common in Kenya but can have harmful consequences. The Triple P system has been shown to reduce the population-level prevalence of child maltreatment however few studies have examined the impact of specific Triple P programs on levels of physical discipline. This study uses randomized control trial methodology to examine the impact of Group Triple P on parents and caregivers in Kisumu Kenya. We anticipate that compared to the care-as-usual control condition parents in the intervention condition will report lower use of physical discipline, decreased use of dysfunctional parenting and improved child behaviour at post-intervention. The study is important in providing evidence of the use of parenting programs to decrease the use of corporal punishment.
Interventions
Group Triple P Positive Parenting Progam (GTP) is an 8 session parenting program comprising of 4 group sessions (2-3 hours) plus 4 individual sessions delivered by phone or in-person (30 minutes) to provide tailored support. The program will be delivered such that the group sessions will be delivered over two days where Sessions 1 & 2 will be delivered on the first day and sessions 3-4 will be delivered on the second day a week later. The follow-up sessions will be delivered via phone or in-per
Group Triple P Positive Parenting Progam (GTP) is an 8 session parenting program comprising of 4 group sessions (2-3 hours) plus 4 individual sessions delivered by phone or in-person (30 minutes) to provide tailored support. The program will be delivered such that the group sessions will be delivered over two days where Sessions 1 & 2 will be delivered on the first day and sessions 3-4 will be delivered on the second day a week later. The follow-up sessions will be delivered via phone or in-person depending one week apart. During the group sessions parenting, information will be delivered using a variety of techniques including PowerPoint, group discussion, interactive role-playing exercises, and video presentation. Concepts are consolidated during individual reflective exercises and in group-based exercises and discussions. The video content lasts approximately 50 minutes which is spread over the four group sessions. Parents will be provided with a parenting workbook that summarises all content and which they can complete the written exercises during the group sessions. During the individual sessions, no further formal content is provided however the facilitator and the parent will reflect on content presented in previous sessions. Parents will be encouraged to complete homework tasks focused on the implementation of new parenting strategies. For example, a parent may choose to set a goal of trying to praise a certain behavior every day. As such the time required for homework activities can vary depending on which strategies the parents choose to implement but constitute a part of general parenting activities. The vast majority of homework tasks do not involve specific exercises from the workbook with the exception of homework related to tracking children's behaviour which may take 2-3 minutes per day and the development of a parenting plan which may take 10-15 minutes in total. Program content draws on the theoretical principles that form the basis of the well-established Triple P program, which is a preventively orientated parenting and family support strategy derived from social-learning, functional analysis, and cognitive-behavioural principles. Parents are taught a range of positive parenting strategies focused on how to teach children new skills, encourage positive behaviour and how to manage problem behaviour with the goal of improving parent and child behaviour via direct (eg changing parenting style) and indirect (enhancing parental confidence) pathways. The program will be delivered by a trained and accreditated Triple P provider. Protocol adherence will be measured by a checklist completed by the practitioner. Parents will receive a Triple P Group workbook and will view the Triple P Every Parent Survival Guide DVD as part of the intervention during the group sessions.
Sponsors
University of Konstanz
Study design
Allocation
Randomised controlled trial
Intervention model
Parallel
Primary purpose
Treatment
Masking
Blinded (masking used) (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Being a primary carer of a child age 2-12 years of age (the primary carer must live with the child)
Exclusion criteria
The child has been a diagnosed with a serious mental or developmental disorder health condition (as reported by the parent). The caregiver is currently receiving other parenting support (at the time of recruitment only) Not having basic literacy (as defined by the ability to read at grade 5 level). Inability to attend the group sessions.
Outcome results
None listed