None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
The purposes of the study is to investigate the differences of central excitability, muscle tone, muscle activities, and scapular kinematics between individual with and without frozen shoulder and the relationship between muscle activities and central excitability. We hypothesize that central excitability, muscle activities, and scapular kinematics will change and muscle tone will increase in group of frozen shoulder and there will be significant correlation between muscle activities and central excitability.
Interventions
Participants attended a 4-hour session involving four tests performed by a well-trained physiotherapist once only:
1. Muscle tone: used myotonometer to evaluate the muscle tone of the upper trapezius, infraspinatus, and pectoralis major. 20 minutes.
2. Muscle activities: evaluated the muscle activities by surface electromyography of the upper trapezius, infraspinatus, and pectoralis major during arm elevation, hand to neck and hand to back. 30 minutes.
3. Scapular kinematics: evaluated the scap
Participants attended a 4-hour session involving four tests performed by a well-trained physiotherapist once only: 1. Muscle tone: used myotonometer to evaluate the muscle tone of the upper trapezius, infraspinatus, and pectoralis major. 20 minutes. 2. Muscle activities: evaluated the muscle activities by surface electromyography of the upper trapezius, infraspinatus, and pectoralis major during arm elevation, hand to neck and hand to back. 30 minutes. 3. Scapular kinematics: evaluated the scapular movement by magnetic tracking system during arm elevation, hand to neck, and hand to back. 30 minutes 4. Central excitability: the active motor threshold, motor evoked potential, cortical silent period, short-interval intracortical inhibition, and short-interval intracortical facilitation of upper trapezius, infraspinatus, and pectoralis major were measured by transcranial magnetics stimulation (TMS). 150 minutes.
Sponsors
Yi-fen Shih
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
40 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
The frozen shoulder group: 1. 40-65 y/o 2. Medical diagnosis of frozen shoulder 3. Pain and stiffness over the affected shoulder greater than or equal to 6 months 4. No resting pain or night pain 5. Range of motion (ROM) limitation of a shoulder joint (ROM decreased more than 25% in at least two directions, and ROM decreased more than 50% or less than 30° in passive external rotation) The healthy control group: 1. Age, gender matched with the frozen shoulder group 2. Without shoulder pain or ROM limitation
Exclusion criteria
1. History of surgery or fracture of the shoulder complex 2. Shoulder joint dislocation 3. Rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, rotator cuff tear, calcification tendonitis, osteoarthritis, cervical radiculopathy, or shoulder ROM limitation due to stroke or spinal cord injury 4. Contraindications for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
Outcome results
None listed