Postoperative sore throat, cough and hoarseness in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery

All patients will be monitorized with electrocardiography, noninvasive arterial blood pressure, peripheral oxygen saturation, and end-tidal carbon dioxide immediately after taken to operation table. Anaesthetic administration will be recorded in patient medical record. In order to provide postoperative analgesia to all patients, an epidural catheter will be placed at level of L3-4 10 minutes prior to induction of general anesthesia. In induction, propofol 1.5-2.5 mg / kg, rocuronium 0.6 mg / kg and fentanyl 1µg / kg will be given intravenously. After sufficient muscle relaxation, female patients will be intubated with a low pressure-high volume cuffed 7.5 mm endotracheal tube male patients with 8.0 mm. The tube cuff will be inflated with air to be 20 mmHg (26 cm H2O), and the tube cuff pressure will be measured every 30 minutes during the operation and its pressure will be maintained at 20 mmHg. Dexametazone 4 mg and paracetamol 1 g iv infusion (15-20min) will be given. Nasogastric tube and airway application will be avoided in patients and patients who have to be applied will be excluded from the study. Patients will be randomly divided into 2 groups according to the inhalational anesthetic agent used in the maintenance of anesthesia. In Group S sevoflurane %1.5-2 and in Group D desflurane %4-6 with air-oxigen mixture. When necessary fentanyl 0.5 µg / kg intravenously and rocuronium 0.1 mg / kg intravenously will be added. 15 minutes before the end of operation ondansetron 4 mg intravenously and 0.125% bubivacaine + 2 µg fentanyl (30 mL 0.5% bupivacaine + 5 mL fentanyl + 85 mL SF with a speed 5ml/hour) via the epidural catheter. At the end of the operation, neuromuscular block will be antagonized with 50 µg / kg neostigmine and 0.02 mg / kg atropine. When a sufficient tidal volume (4 mL / kg) and have an eye-opening response to the oral stimulus patients will be extubated, and the duration of surgery and anesthesia will be recorded. Tramadol 0.5 mg / kg intravenously will be given as rescue analgesic. 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 72 hours after the operation patients will be questioned about sore throat, cough and hoarseness by a researcher who is blind to the groups. Four-scale survey will be used in the inquiry (0 = None, 1 = Mild, 2 = Medium, 3 = Severe).