Does music during flexible cystoscopy reduce pain and anxiety?

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Purpose : Flexible cystoscopy is a common urological procedure, however it is often painful and this pain can lead to loss of patients to follow up. Music has been studied as an adjunct to pain management in multiple fields including urology. Previous research has been performed unblinded, we believe this may be a contributor to previous positive findings of the effect of music on pain. Methods: We performed a patient blinded randomised control trial of music during flexible cystoscopy comparing the pain, measured by visual analogue scale (VAS), anxiety (measured by the state trait anxiety inventory (STAI)) and vital signs of 109 patients across two public hospitals in NSW, Australia. Patients were blinded to the purpose of the study until after results had been collected. Results: No statistically significant differences were detected between the Non-Music and Music groups in VAS pain score (2.04±1.94 vs 2.10±1.90, P=0.86), change in STAI anxiety score (4.87±9.87 vs 6.8±11.07, P=0.33) or post procedural vital signs (HR 74±14 vs 72±13, P=0.66, SBP 144±20 vs 141±19, P=0.47) between the two groups. Conclusion: Music does not appear to decrease perceived pain or anxiety when used during flexible cystoscopy. These findings may differ from the literature due to a number of factors including patient blinding, ethnic makeup of the study population or no of choice of music.

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