Evaluating the acceptability and impact of Smileyscope in the Kimberley region for Aboriginal children, their families, and health professionals.

The evaluation of Smileyscope as a pain management strategy for Aboriginal children receiving high volume and regular intramuscular injections will occur through two phases: Phase 1: consented patients will be surveyed about needle pain and anxiety in a usual care setting (monthly for a period of three months) Phase 2: consented patients will be offered the opportunity to use Smileyscope; a virtual reality headset, designed specifically for children's needle anxiety and pain management. Virtual reality digital content is played through a smartphone via software application. The smartphone is placed into the a Google Daydream headset which provides a stereoscopic display to create a 3D experience. The virtual reality experience will be provided as an adjunct to standard care (e.g. topical local anaesthetic) during the needle procedure. The content is an animated and immersive age-appropriate visualisation. The intervention will be delivered by the proceduralists (doctors, nurses, Aboriginal Health Workers). The intervention (Smileyscope) will take place for 10 minutes, per monthly visit, for 3 months. Consented patients will continue to be surveyed about needle pain and anxiety (monthly for a period of 3 months). During Phase 2 families of consented patients and healthcare professionals involved in the administration of the needle will be offered qualitative interviews to discuss process, impacts and acceptability of Smileyscope as a needle pain/anxiety management strategy. NB: Participants in Phase 1 and Phase 2 will be the same cohort.