Discovery of serum biomarkers for the diagnosis of sport-related concussion in children.

2 groups of participants will be observed. Healthy controls and patient's with a diagnosed sports related concussion/minor traumatic brain injury. Diagnosis will be confirmed by medical specialists through a medical history and examination. Further evaluation will use the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool 5 and other cognitive assessment tools. Concussion may be caused either by a direct blow to the head, face, neck or elsewhere on the body with an impulsive force transmitted to the head. Concussion typically results in the rapid onset of short-lived impairment of neurological function that resolves spontaneously. However, in some cases, signs and symptoms evolve over a number of minutes to hours. Concussion may result in neuropathological changes, but the acute clinical signs and symptoms largely reflect a functional disturbance rather than a structural injury and, as such, it is currently thought that no abnormality is seen on standard structural neuro-imaging studies. Concussion results in a range of clinical signs and symptoms that may or may not involve loss of consciousness. Resolution of the clinical and cognitive features typically follows a sequential course. However, in some cases symptoms may be prolonged. We will observe patients diagnosed with a concussion for a total of 28 days, over which time participants will undergo clinical evaluation, cognitive testing and exercise testing, in addition to measurement of serum biomarkers. Healthy participants will have a single measurement of the biomarkers to determine normative values for non-concussed, age matched participants.