None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
The increasing understanding of Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) lays the foundations for developing new treatments. A single-case experimental design with 12 case was planned. The current study compared the transfer effects of three promising training protocols – cognitive training (CT), neurofeedback training (NFT), and the CT combined with the NFT. Outcome measures include overt behaviour, brain electrical activity, and executive function task performance.
Interventions
The current study compared the transfer effects of three promising training protocols for reducing symptoms in children with AD/HD. (1) cognitive training (CT), (2) neurofeedback training (NFT), and (3) the CT combined with the NFT.
Each participant was randomised to one of the three training conditions. Each case completed a baseline phase followed by an intervention phase. Participants and their parents were not informed that there were two phases across sessions.
Training phases
In the in
The current study compared the transfer effects of three promising training protocols for reducing symptoms in children with AD/HD. (1) cognitive training (CT), (2) neurofeedback training (NFT), and (3) the CT combined with the NFT. Each participant was randomised to one of the three training conditions. Each case completed a baseline phase followed by an intervention phase. Participants and their parents were not informed that there were two phases across sessions. Training phases In the intervention phase, participants were required to complete 20 training sessions at home over 7 weeks. They completed 3 sessions (on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) per week for the first six weeks and 2 sessions (on Wednesday and Friday) in the last week. Each training session took about 25 minutes to complete. The intervention was completed on a 7-inch tablet device and delivered by a combination of software (i.e. the Focus Pocus software program) and EEG hardware (i.e. the NeuroSky Mindwave Mobile EEG device). The training software was fully introduced in other papers (e.g. Jiang & Johnstone, 2015; Johnstone et al., 2017). Briefly, different types of training are delivered as games and difficulty levels are adaptive. Each training session consisted of 14 games in the current study. The CT condition consisted of working memory (WM) games and response inhibition (RI) games, the NFT condition consisted of frontal EEG alpha wave and beta wave games, and the combined condition consisted of both the two types of games. The baseline duration was predetermined. Within each training condition, the duration for the first 3 cases was randomised from 2-weeks, 3-weeks, and 4-weeks without replacement, and the duration for the last case was randomised from 2-weeks, 3-weeks, and 4-weeks. Adherence to the intervention was monitored with device/application analytics.
Sponsors
Peking University Sixth Hospital
Study design
Allocation
Randomised controlled trial
Intervention model
Other
Primary purpose
Treatment
Masking
Blinded (masking used) (Subject, Caregiver)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
7 Years to 12 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1) screened by the Clinical Diagnostic Interviewing Scales (Barkley, 1998), a structured clinical interview based on the DSM-IV; 2) no history of head trauma with loss of consciousness 3) no history of neurological illness or other severe disease 4) no history of other psychiatric disorders described in the DSM-IV 5) naïve to any pharmacological treatment for AD/HD 6) an IQ higher than 80 on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale III for children.
Exclusion criteria
No professional diagnosis of AD/HD.
Outcome results
None listed