Monitoring and evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Artesunate-Mefloquine (ASMQ) and Artesunate-Pyronaridine (ASP) for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in Cambodia

It is a single arm open-label study to evaluate therapeutic efficacy and safety of Artesunate-Mefloquine (ASMQ) for the treatment of P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria in Mondulkiri, Rattanakiri and Kratie provinces, and Artesunate-Pyronaridine (ASPY) in Pursat and Kampong Speu provinces. For the ASMQ treatment group, a patient with P. falciparum or P. vivax infection was given a daily dose of 1 tablet for 18-29kg, and 2 tablets for 30 kg body weight or above over 3 days. One tablet of ASMQ contains 100mg Artesunate plus 220mg Mefloquine. Only adults or children with at least 20 kg body weight were treated for the ASPY treatment group. A patient with P. falciparum or P. vivax was given a daily dose of 1 tablet for 20-<24 kg body weight, 2 tablets for 24-<45, 3 tablets for 45-<65 kg body weight, and 4 tablets for 65 kg body weight or above. One table of ASPY contains 60mg Artesunate and 180mg Pyronaridine. A patient is given a full dose if he/she vomits within 30 minutes following the drug administration. A blood smear was examined by microscope every 24 hours until the patient becomes negative over 2 consecutive days. The physical and parasitological examinations are conducted on weekly basis over 28 days for P. vivax patients and 42 days for P. falciparum patients.