None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
Periodontal diseases are among the major causes of tooth loss. Smoking is associated with low levels of circulating antibodies may play a role as a contributing factor in the development of periodontitis by reducing the immune response. The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease is clearly indicated in the literature; it has been shown that microorganisms that cause periodontal disease cause cytokine increase in saliva, gingival tissue and gingival crevicular fluid.Among these cytokines, interleukin (IL) -17 is proinflammatory and IL-35 is antiinflammatory and has been associated with periodontal disease.
Interventions
A total of 60 subjects will be grouped as: 20 non-smoker patients with periodontitis (Group 1), 20 smoker patients with periodontitis (Group 2), 20 non-smoker and periodontally healthy individuals who will refer to clinic of Gazi University Dentistry Faculty Periodontology Department for control. To determine the periodontal health status of each individual, Plaque Index (Silness and Leech, 1964), Gingival Index (Löe and Silness, 1963), Pocket Depth, Bleeding in Probing Index (Ainamo & Bay, 1976
A total of 60 subjects will be grouped as: 20 non-smoker patients with periodontitis (Group 1), 20 smoker patients with periodontitis (Group 2), 20 non-smoker and periodontally healthy individuals who will refer to clinic of Gazi University Dentistry Faculty Periodontology Department for control. To determine the periodontal health status of each individual, Plaque Index (Silness and Leech, 1964), Gingival Index (Löe and Silness, 1963), Pocket Depth, Bleeding in Probing Index (Ainamo & Bay, 1976), Clinical Attachment Level will be measured and recorded. Systemic anamnesis will be taken and recorded in order to learn the general systemic status of the participants. In order to evaluate the patients in terms of periodontal disease, treatment history and individual oral hygiene applications, the latest dentist control, the last periodontal treatment history, the frequency of tooth brushing, the frequency of using the interface cleaning tools will be recorded. Smoking status (and the amount) of individuals who will participate in the study, will be determined by oral anamnesis. Spitting method will be used for collecting saliva samples; accordingly, the saliva will be allowed to accumulate in the base of the mouth, then individual will spit into the polypropylene tube every 60 seconds for 5 minutes. Tubes will be kept at -30 ° C until they are examined. The paper strip method will be used for gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sample collection; samples will be taken from the mesial and distal surfaces of the teeth (healthy or have greater than or equal to 5mm pocket depth) after isolation from the saliva. Paper strips contaminated with saliva and blood will not be included in the study. Then the strips will be weighed and the amount of GCF will be calculated. Paper strips will be transferred to polypropylene tubes and stored at -30 ° C until inspection. ELISA kits will be used for the detection of saliva and GCF’s IL-17 and IL-35. The approximate length of involvement will be 40 minutes for each participants.
Sponsors
Gazi University Scientific Research Projects
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
To be volunteer to participate in the study To be over 18 Being systemically healthy Having greater than or equal to 15 teeth out of 3rd molar teeth To have localized or generalized periodontitis for the experimental group (clinical attachment loss in at least 6 surrounding areas and presence of greater than or equal to 5 mm periodontal pocket) For Smoking group; more than 10 cigarettes a day for more than 5 years For non-smokers; have not smoked for at least 5 years.
Exclusion criteria
Have any systemic disease affecting periodontal condition To receive periodontal treatment in the last 6 months Use any medication that may affect the inflammatory process in the last 3 months Use local or systemic antibiotics in the last 3 months Pregnancy or lactation for female patients Regular use of mouthwash
Outcome results
None listed