None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
The recent finding showed that fatigue would lead to the increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) injuries. The objectives of this study are to develop of soccer specific fatigue simulation for youth soccer players and to determine the effect of soccer specific fatigue simulation on muscle strength, dynamic balance, and biomechanical markers of ACL injury risk after eight weeks FIFA 11+ injury prevention warm up. Forty male participants, age 14 – 18 years, regularly play soccer for 3 to 5 times per week will be recruited in this study. Soccer players will be recruited from the school around the Selangor. The new soccer specific fatigue simulation will be modified based on previous protocol and pilot observation. The temporal physiological responses (heart rate and rate of perceived exertion) will be monitor during the simulation. After that, an investigation of the effect of the new developed soccer specific fatigue simulation for youth (YSFS5) on muscle strength, dynamic balance and biomechanical markers of ACL injury during landing task will be conducted. During the testing session, players will be assigned to perform the YSFS5. Heart rate and RPE will be monitored at selected times throughout the protocol. Prior to YSFS5 (time 0 min), immediately after YSFS5 (time 5 min) and after 15 min of passive rest (time 20 min), and 30 min passive rest (time 35 min ) players will perform muscle strength on an isokinetic dynamometer, dynamic balance (modified star execution balance test) and landing task biomechanical assessments (Landing Error Scoring System). Then, the participants in the intervention group will be instructed to do FIFA 11+ which is to use the complete exercise program as the warm up for at least two training sessions every week. This intervention will be done for eight weeks. While the control group followed its regular training routine, usually without a structured warm-up program. After completing the session of FIFA 11+ participant will be back to the laboratory to repeat the same procedure of tests. This study will generate a better understanding of how fatigue induced by a newly develop soccer specific fatigue simulation (YSFS5) influence muscle strength. Dynamic balance and biomechanical changes related to ACL injury risk. This study may also create a new injury screening procedures as part of soccer players pre-season and return to play assessment.
Interventions
Initially, participants will be familiarized with the protocol and assessment methods, This will be followed by 2 testing sessions which are separated by at least 3 days (Bossuyt et al., 2016). Both sessions included a dynamic warm-up, followed by the youth soccer fatigue simulation (YSFS5), a pretest (TIME 0), a test immediately following YSFS5 (TIME 5), after 15 min of passive rest (TIME 20) and after 30 min of passive rest (TIME 35). The distance for Youth Soccer Fatigue Simulation (YSFS5) is
Initially, participants will be familiarized with the protocol and assessment methods, This will be followed by 2 testing sessions which are separated by at least 3 days (Bossuyt et al., 2016). Both sessions included a dynamic warm-up, followed by the youth soccer fatigue simulation (YSFS5), a pretest (TIME 0), a test immediately following YSFS5 (TIME 5), after 15 min of passive rest (TIME 20) and after 30 min of passive rest (TIME 35). The distance for Youth Soccer Fatigue Simulation (YSFS5) is 12 meters and the time spent is 5 minutes. YSFS5 is using high-intensity exercises. Functional high-intensity movements were included in this simulation to make it more similar to the real soccer match. The participant needs to repeat the cycle of activities for 5 minutes. The action sequences are instructed using verbal cues on an audio recording. Before, during and after the simulation, the participant needs to be assessed in term of their heart rates, rates of perceived exertion (RPE) and heights of vertical jump. These monitored aspects are indicators to make sure the participant is a phase of high-intensity mode. If the participant is not in the mode, the oral encouragement should be applied to increase the desire of participant to be in the mode of high intensity. The YSFS5 consist of : 0. 6x Ball Passing 1 . Stand 2 . Up Jog 3. 6x Ball heading 4. Side Stride 5. Agility ladder drill + 1 x Ball shooting 6. VJ + up Jog 7. Sprint with a ball 8. Stand 9. Up Jog 10. 6x Ball Passing 11. VJ + up Jog 12. 6x Ball heading 13. Side Stride 14. Agility ladder drill + 1 x Ball shooting 15. Stand 16. Up Jog 17. 6x Ball Passing 18. VJ + up Jog 19. Jog 20. Up Jog 21. 6x Ball heading 22. VJ + Up Jog 23. Agility ladder drill + 1 x Ball shooting 24. Side Stride 25. Stand 26. 6x Ball Passing 27. Jog 28. Sprint with a ball 29. VJ All these activities take about 5minutes. After that, the participant will be randomly allocated to control and intervention group. Participants in the intervention group will be instructed to do FIFA 11+ program about 20minutes which are to use the complete exercise program as the warm up for at least two training sessions every week. The program has three parts. The initial part is running exercises at slow speed combined with active stretching and controlled contacts with a partner. The running course includes six to ten pairs of cones (depending on the number of players) about five to six meters apart (length and width). The running exercise such as running straight ahead and running quickly forwards and backward. The second part consists of six different sets of exercises; these include strength, balance, and jumping exercises, each with three levels of increasing difficulty. The second part example is the bench static, single leg stand and vertical jump. The final part is speed running combined with football-specific movements with bounding and plant-cut movements (Owoeye et al., 2014). This program will be completed by as part of a team warm up supervised by the coach. The training will be provided to the coach to run the program and also be given the handbooks. The researcher will monitor the program twice a week. The coach will keep a diary of program completion and player attendance to monitor the intervention program process. This intervention will be done for 8 weeks. Then all the participants will come back to the lab for repeating the same procedure for the outcome measure before YSFS5 and after YSFS5. The data collection will be assessed by the assessors who are blinded from the control and intervention group. In addition, the same assessors will be collected the data for pre and post-intervention.
Sponsors
Saiful Adli Bukry
Study design
Allocation
Randomised controlled trial
Intervention model
Parallel
Primary purpose
Prevention
Masking
Open (masking not used)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Male
Age
14 Years to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
1. Male with age between 14 – 18 years old 2. Participated in at least one season of high school soccer 3. Regularly play soccer within 3 to 5 times per week with duration of 40 to 60 minutes per session 4 Nonsmokers
Exclusion criteria
1. Anyone with a history of lower extremity or low back pain, or cardiovascular or systemic conditions that limited physical activity 2. Subject has undergone lower limb injury within the last 6 months. 3. On ergogenic aid or medication users
Outcome results
None listed