A prospective study to study the effect of intra-operative lidocaine 2% infusion in reducing intra-operative and postoperative opioid requirements for analgesia in patients undergoing renal transplantation surgery

50 Patients were randomly scheduled into 2 groups: Fentanyl (F) group and lidocaine (L) group, 25 patients in each group. The anesthetic techniques were standardized patients were pre medicated by midazolam 0.03mg/kg IV. Induction of anesthesia started by Propofol 2.5mg/kg IV, Fentanyl 3 ug/kg for the fentanyl group and 1.5 ug/kg for the lidocaine group with lidocaine 2% 1.5 mg/kg as loading dose followed by the maintenance dose of lidocaine 2% 2mg/kg/hr. Lidocaine infusion stopped with the beginning of skin closure. The primary outcome variable was the amount of fentanyl required in the PACU to establish and to maintain visual analogue scale pain scores < 4.