None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
Coffee is a staple drink worldwide and is mainly consumed for its stimulating effect. The protective effects of habitual coffee consumption towards several chronic diseases related to unhealthy lifestyles, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and metabolic syndrome, have been demonstrated. However, these findings contradict with the results of acute feeding studies, which found that coffee is capable of impairing the body's own ability to control blood sugar level. This project aims at investigating the acute effect of consuming coffee at different time-points before or after meals on postprandial blood glucose and lipid levels. The outcome of this project enables the identification of the optimal time of drinking coffee around meal time, in terms of leading to the most beneficial changes in the biomarkers measured. This may explain the discrepancies between the results of acute feeding trials and epidemiological studies. Further investigation of the biological mechanisms involved may also be developed depending on the results of this project.
Interventions
The time-points of interest in this study are 60, 30 and 15 minutes before meal (the pre-feeding sessions), and 10 minutes after meal (the post-feeding sessions). There will be two sessions for each time-point, thus making up a total of eight sessions for each participant. The sessions will be carried out in a random order, with at least 3 days apart..
In pre-feeding sessions, participants will first consume the test drinks. Each cup of test drink is made by mixing 2g decaffeinated coffee granu
The time-points of interest in this study are 60, 30 and 15 minutes before meal (the pre-feeding sessions), and 10 minutes after meal (the post-feeding sessions). There will be two sessions for each time-point, thus making up a total of eight sessions for each participant. The sessions will be carried out in a random order, with at least 3 days apart.. In pre-feeding sessions, participants will first consume the test drinks. Each cup of test drink is made by mixing 2g decaffeinated coffee granules, 50g low-fat cow’s milk, and 7.5g white sugar with 140ml hot water. Participants are required to finish the test drink in 5 minutes. Depending on the time-point allocated to that session, after 15, 30 or 60 minutes, they will consume a standard breakfast, which consists of 30g Kellogg’s Rice Krispies and 150g rice milk. They are required to finish the standard breakfast in 10 minutes. In post-feeding sessions, upon the participants' arrival, they will first consume the same standard breakfast. They are required to finish the breakfast in 10 minutes and after that, they are required to drink the test drink in 5 minutes. All test drinks and standard breakfasts will be prepared by a research staff. He also makes sure that the participants finish the breakfast and test drinks within the time limit.
Sponsors
The University of Hong Kong
Study design
Allocation
Randomised controlled trial
Primary purpose
Treatment
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
The criteria of taking part in this study are as follow: - Aged between 18-40 years old - Body mass index (BMI) WITHIN the range of 18.0-23.0 - Consumed at least 1 cup of coffee per day in the past 3 months - Have never smoked before - Able to tolerate cow’s milk - Able to tolerate pork (present in the standard dinner) - Able to tolerate coffee - Not on regular medication, except oral contraceptives - Women who are not pregnant or does not plan to be pregnant during the study - Without high blood lipid or cholesterol - Without current or history of type 1 or type 2 diabetes - Without current or history of cardiovascular diseases - Without current or history of liver diseases - Without current or history of gastrointestinal diseases - Without hemophobia
Exclusion criteria
- hemophobia - cannot tolerate coffee - cannot tolerate cow's milk - current and ex-smoker - do not consume coffee habitually
Outcome results
None listed