None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
knowing the depth of epidural space is of great importance . if we know the actual depth or if we can predict the depth of epidural space before any kind of epidural procedures, i.e. epidural anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, combined spinal epidural anesthesia, facet joint injection, and surgeries related to epidural space, this knowledge guides us how deep we can introduce the needle safely. several radiologic techniques as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography can be used to measure the depth of epidural space. in this prospective observational study we aimed to investigate the correlation of actual epidural depth with the measurements obtained with magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography.
Interventions
The depth of the epidural space will be measured using ultrasound with a convex ultrasound probe from skin to ligamentum flavum and dura and also the depth of epidural space will be measured from the magnetic resonance imaging of the patient that was obtained before the operation which is a regular process in our institution. The actual depth of epidural space will be measured with a sterile disposable tape measure by the surgeon operating the patient for lumbal herniated nucleus pulposus when he/she reaches the level of dura during surgical exploration which lasts for 2 hours .
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
patients undergoing elective lumbar herniated nucleus pulposus surgery.
Exclusion criteria
more than one segment surgery for lumbar herniated nucleus pulposus emergency cases patients' refusal to participate in to the study age <18 years or age> 80 years