A pre-post trial of a person-centred, theory-based intervention to support self-management in chronic kidney disease.

Name: Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Management Support Intervention (CKD-SMS) The intervention was guided by principles of person-centred care (PCC) and social-cognitive theory (SCT). Expert input assisted in guiding intervention and resource design. Intervention sessions are delivered by a researcher in CKD self-management with a background in psychology over a 12-week period. Participants engage in two face-to-face intervention sessions, at week 1 and week 12, which take place in a mutually convenient location. Length of these sessions ranges from 20 to 90 minutes, dependent upon need. Between sessions, participants nominate preferred frequency of phone sessions (weekly, fortnightly, or monthly), which range from 5-60 minutes, as required. At the first session, participants and researcher collaborate to generate individualised self-management goals (e.g., engagement with treatment, understanding CKD). Individualisation is necessary because factors including comorbidity, level of education, and patient activation have a significant impact upon the type of SMS that patients with CKD require. During the intervention, techniques from SCT are used to assist participants achieve their goals, as are motivational interviewing, cognitive-behavioural, and mindfulness techniques as appropriate. Participants receive a handbook (adapted with permission from Kidney Health Australia’s “Living with Reduced Kidney Function” handbook; Kidney Health Australia, 2008) to accompany the intervention and to prompt discussion, as well as self-monitoring and note-taking handouts. All participants are encouraged to invite family members or friends to attend sessions. As the intervention is person-centred, all self-monitoring and “homework” is optional and tailored to individuals. Participants are considered adherent if they engage in at least the two face-to-face sessions and one telephone session.