None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
Little is known about dietary intake at the level of an “eating occasion (EO)”, which includes meals and snacks. Current dietary advice is framed around the amount and types of food populations should consume, rather than a consideration of eating patterns. Eating patterns describe the frequency and temporal distribution of meals and snacks. Eating patterns are likely to be important determinants of adults’ health; however, the cardiometabolic health impacts of EO, meal and snack frequency and temporal eating patterns are inconclusive. The aim of this secondary analyses was to investigate associations of different eating patterns (e.g. frequency of all EOs, meals and snacks; temporal eating patterns) with risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. The Census and Statistics Act 1905 provides ethics approval for the Australian Bureau of Statistics to conduct household interview components of national surveys, including the National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS). Participants from the NNPAS were invited to participate in the National Health Measures Survey (NHMS) and were required to give their informed consent to participate in the collection of biomedical blood samples for which ethics approval was granted in February 2011 by the Department of Health and Ageing’s Departmental Ethics Committee. As part of the ethics approval, participants were ensured that they (or their nominated doctor) would be notified of any critical or clinically significant blood test results. As this is a secondary analysis of the NHMS data which is de-identified, an exemption for ethics approval was granted by the Deakin University Human Research Ethics Committee on April 16, 2015. (Project number: 2015-073).
Interventions
As this study is a secondary analysis of the National Health Measures Survey data that was collected as part of the Australian Health Survey, 2011-2013 (http://www.abs.gov.au/australianhealthsurvey), no participants will be enrolled.
The independent variables examined from this data includes: The temporal distribution (e.g. timing across the day) and frequency of eating occasions, including meals and snacks were examined.
Dietary intake information was collected during two 24-hour dietary recall
As this study is a secondary analysis of the National Health Measures Survey data that was collected as part of the Australian Health Survey, 2011-2013 (http://www.abs.gov.au/australianhealthsurvey), no participants will be enrolled. The independent variables examined from this data includes: The temporal distribution (e.g. timing across the day) and frequency of eating occasions, including meals and snacks were examined. Dietary intake information was collected during two 24-hour dietary recalls (~9 days apart) conducted by a trained interviewer from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The methodology used in the 24-h recall was based on the USDA, 5-step Automated Multiple Pass Method. The participants identified the type of eating occasion and the time when each eating occasion began as well as all foods and beverages consumed at these eating occasions.
Sponsors
Ms Rebecca M Leech
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
19 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
All persons aged 19 years and over who participated in both the National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS) and the National Health Measures Survey (NHMS) components of the Australian Health Survey; completed two 24 hour recalls; not currently pregnant or breastfeeding; did not undertake shiftwork in the past four months
Exclusion criteria
Participants who: did not report any dietary intakes during one of the 24 hour dietary recalls; did not report the time at which an eating occasion commenced, or were missing data for outcomes measures or covariates
Outcome results
None listed