Ventilation status of sedated patients in the cardiac catheterisation laboratory

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Respiratory depression is more likely to be detected during sedation when capnography is used. However, sedation-induced respiratory depression is commonly transient and does not always cause patient harm. Randomised controlled trials have produced conflicting results regarding whether capnography improves patient safety when used during sedation. Further research is required to determine whether applying capnography to the conscious sedation context is warranted. One considerable difficulty in designing a trial to determine whether a specific intervention improves the safety of conscious sedation is that adverse sedation events that pose potential risks to patient safety, such as hypoxaemia, should be so rare that it would not be feasible to recruit the required number of participants. In contrast, the number of participants required to detect a clinically significant difference in ventilation status during conscious sedation, as measured by transcutaneous carbon dioxide concentration (TcCO2), would be feasible to recruit in the context of a clinical trial. However, in order to calculate a sample size for such a trial, the expected control group TcCO2 needs to be identified. In this study, continuous TcCO2 measurements will be recorded from patients undergoing procedures with conscious sedation, starting before conscious sedation is induced (for measurement of baseline TcC02) and ceasing at the end of the procedure.

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