None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
A cluster randomized trial; two arms (intervention and control), single-blind study will be carried out. The intervention group will receive a self-efficacy enhancing program on foot self-care behaviour while the control group will receive a usual health care. The aim of the program is, the improvement on foot self-care behaviour (primary outcome), foot efficacy expectation, foot outcome expectation, knowledge on foot care, quality of life and the foot score (secondary outcome) after completion of the program. The control group will receive the same intervention program at the end of the study.
Interventions
Design: Cluster Randomized Trial (CRT), two groups (interventions and controls), single blind
The theoretical background of the education program is based from Albert Bandura’s Self-efficacy theory.
The intervention is in a group seminar of education regarding foot care (8-10 respondents/ group/ session)
The program encompasses of 20 minutes of a power point presentation covered the following topics: awareness of risk factors and its complications, foot self-care behavior including daily washin
Design: Cluster Randomized Trial (CRT), two groups (interventions and controls), single blind The theoretical background of the education program is based from Albert Bandura’s Self-efficacy theory. The intervention is in a group seminar of education regarding foot care (8-10 respondents/ group/ session) The program encompasses of 20 minutes of a power point presentation covered the following topics: awareness of risk factors and its complications, foot self-care behavior including daily washing, inspecting foot for problems, moisturizing, wearing proper shoes and socks; toenail and feet care; and when to seek help from a healthcare professional. At the end of seminar, the researcher will encourage active role and leave the respondents to perform foot self-care behavior independently. A pamphlet regarding foot care will be given to the respondents. The local nurses (research enumerator) will receive a checklist reminder of foot self-care to continuously support the respondents to perform the behaviour. Respondents will be encouraged to establish realistic goals on new targets (tailored action plan) in performing foot self-care behaviour. They need to start work in small realistic steps so that they will be more focus, confidence and become motivated to perform the desired behaviour (mastery experience). Respondents will be given a hand-out (symbolic modelling) so that they will perform the foot self-care behaviour daily. In order to maintain their confidence level, a positive feedback and strong encouragement need to be given continuously (verbal persuasion). During follow-up visit (at week 4), the researcher (registered nurse) will discuss (one to one) with respondents, sharing experience and get feedback on goals, examination of obstacles and problem situations (self-appraisal). A routine visit to the respondents will be done weekly (to monitor adherence) till the end of the program (week-12). Frequency and duration of administration: The program will be carried out for 12 weeks and consisted of a total of 4 visits: 1) Baseline information (20 minutes), 2) the program (within 4 weeks after baseline information for selected clusters) (week 0; 20 minutes), 3) Follow-up (week 4; 20 minutes for one to one discussion and 20 minutes for answering the questionnaire) and 4) evaluation (week 12; 20 minutes for answering the questionnaire).
Sponsors
Associate Prof Dr Hejar Abdul Rahman
Study design
Allocation
Randomised controlled trial
Intervention model
Parallel
Primary purpose
Educational / counselling / training
Masking
Blinded (masking used) (Subject, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
60 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
The respondent: 1) aged 60 years or more 2) have been diagnosed with diabetes (old or new) 3) presented with or without diabetic foot problems 4) Malaysian. 5) able to communicate sufficiently well (English or Malay) to understand the education program. 6) able to perform activity daily living independently (e.g., bathing, feeding, grooming etc.). 7) have no major complications which would interfere with foot self-care behaviour (such as blind, mute and deaf and stroke).
Exclusion criteria
1) Respondents who are currently has been diagnosed with mental health problems (psychotic/ unstable conditions) 2) Respondents who are having impaired in cognitive level. 3) Respondents who are having depression.
Outcome results
None listed