None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
Goat’s milk is increasingly used as an alternative to cow’s milk for infant formula. This study aims to determine how goat’s milk digestion differs from cow’s milk digestion, and in particular look at the digestibility of proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals in goat or cow’s milk infant formula preparations. The study will use infant formula designed for infants after 12 months of age, who consume a mixed diet including solid foods, making a comparison of digestive capacity comparable to young adults, allowing for an intervention in young adults rather than in infants.
Interventions
Protein quantity matched beverages, consisting of infant formula, to provide 0.23g/kg of body weight protein (total 350-600ml formula) to be consumed only once on three different occasions separated by at least one week washout period between beverages. Beverages will be consumed in full in the presence of the researchers to confirm compliance. Intervention infant formulas:
1. Whole protein goat growing-up milk formula
2. Hydrolysed protein cow growing-up formula
Each formula, including the who
Protein quantity matched beverages, consisting of infant formula, to provide 0.23g/kg of body weight protein (total 350-600ml formula) to be consumed only once on three different occasions separated by at least one week washout period between beverages. Beverages will be consumed in full in the presence of the researchers to confirm compliance. Intervention infant formulas: 1. Whole protein goat growing-up milk formula 2. Hydrolysed protein cow growing-up formula Each formula, including the whole protein cow's milk control formula, contain the following active ingredients within the range listed, per 100ml of prepared formula: -minerals --calcium (94-122 mg) --phosphorus (68-77 mg) --magnesium (6.7-32 mg) --iron (1.0-1.3 mg) --zinc (0.50-0.60 mg) --iodine (9-14 mcg) -marine fish oil -vitamins --vitamin A (RE) (41-63 mcg) --vitamin D3 (1.0 mcg) --vitamin E (TE) (1.4-1.6 mg) --vitamin C (9 mg) --thiamine (62-116 mcg) --riboflavin (120-193 mcg) --niacin (0.6-0.8 mg) --folic acid (12-21 mcg) -probiotic cultures (lactobaccillus and bifidobacterium: 40-45 million cfu)
Sponsors
AgResearch Ltd.
Study design
Allocation
Randomised controlled trial
Intervention model
Crossover
Primary purpose
Treatment
Masking
Blinded (masking used) (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 28 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
18 - 28 years old BMI 18-25kg/m2 Healthy (no current or past history of gastric reflux, irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, anosmia, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, hyper(dys)lipidemia) Dairy, lactose, and paracetamol tolerant
Exclusion criteria
Allergy or intolerance to dairy, lactose, or paracetamol Current or past history of gastric reflux, irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, anosmia, diabetes, cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, angina, stroke), hypertension, hyper(dys)lipidemia Self reported alcohol intake exceeding a moderate intake (>28 unites/week) Abnormal liver function or haematology
Outcome results
None listed