None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
The ingestion of excess energy, particularly fat, is largely responsible for the current epidemic of lifestyle-related diseases such as obesity, diabetes and sarcopenia (the progressive loss of muscle mass with increasing age). The development of sarcopenia is exacerbated by low levels of physical activity and also in overweight or obese individuals through an increase in body fat and concomitant decrease in muscle mass. However, performing resistance and aerobic exercise in combination with the ingestion of high quality protein sources (e.g., dairy-based protein) has been shown to enhance and/or maintain muscle mass. This has important health implications for reducing the risk of developing sarcopenia, obesity or other debilitating health conditions such as diabetes. Accordingly, the aim of this research is to investigate whether a short-term (9 day) high fat diet (HFD) decreases muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and, whether performing resistance exercise during consumption of the HFD can in part relieve the repressive effects of fat toward skeletal muscle anabolism; hence, MPS.
Interventions
16 participants will be recruited for this study. There will be 2 experimental groups to which participants will be randomly and equally assigned:
Group 1: High Fat Diet
Participants in Group 1 will consume a 9-day ‘high fat’ diet consisting of ~65% total energy as fat, ~20% total energy as carbohydrate and ~15% total energy as protein. This diet has been used multiple times previously by the research team and will be produced by the study dietitian in accordance with personal food preference
16 participants will be recruited for this study. There will be 2 experimental groups to which participants will be randomly and equally assigned: Group 1: High Fat Diet Participants in Group 1 will consume a 9-day ‘high fat’ diet consisting of ~65% total energy as fat, ~20% total energy as carbohydrate and ~15% total energy as protein. This diet has been used multiple times previously by the research team and will be produced by the study dietitian in accordance with personal food preferences and any allergies. Participants will be provided all meals for this part of the study and will receive individual diet counselling by the study dietitian when required. Group 2: High Fat Diet and Resistance Exercise Participants in Group 2 will consume the identical diet as Group 1. In addition, on days 6, 9 and 12, participants will perform a lower-body resistance exercise session. For the resistance exercise, participants will perform 3 exercise in total: machine-based leg press and leg extension, and a free-weight dumbbell squat. All exercises (3-4 sets of 10-12 repetitions each exercise) will be performed at ~75% of the participants pre-determined 1 repetition maximum. The sessions will be conducted with the participants individually, or in groups of 2, of which will supervised by researchers that have obtained at least a Certificate III qualification in Exercise/Fitness Instruction. In both groups, the initial control diet for days 1-3 is based on current Australian recommended daily intakes, and consists of ~20% total energy as fat, ~65% total energy as carbohydrate and ~15% total energy as protein..Diets will be prepared beforehand by a dietitian and participants will have all of their meals provided to them for the entire dietary period. The meals will be collected from the ACU School of Exercise Science at times arranged with study participants. Regular phone calls and a dietary recall will be used to monitor adherence to the diets. Participants in the resistance exercise group will be advised that all exercise sessions need to be attended in order to complete the study, of which there will be a total of 3 across a 7 day period.
Sponsors
Prof John Hawley
Study design
Allocation
Randomised controlled trial
Intervention model
Parallel
Primary purpose
Prevention
Masking
Open (masking not used)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
Male
Age
35 Years to 55 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Male, physically inactive subjects who are overweight, i.e., a BMI of 27-32 kg/m2 but otherwise apparently healthy. Physically inactive is defined by less than 150 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per week.
Exclusion criteria
Physically active, type II diabetics, insulin resistant, alcoholics or smokers.
Outcome results
None listed